​非遺語境下的哪吒信俗建構

非遺語境下的哪吒信俗建構

張超瑾 何天含

摘 要：本文以澳門哪吒信俗為研究對象，通過文獻分析、田野調查和語料計量方法，探討非物質文化遺產保護框架下傳統信仰的現代重構機制。研究發現：清代中後期，疫病危機催生了哪吒信俗的空間擴展與儀式調適。2004—2024 年，非遺政策通過“立法奠基—分級認定—活態傳承—動態管理—國際輸出”五階段演進，促進傳統信俗完成公共文化資產轉型。通過對語義分析，揭示遺產化進程中文化內核的範式轉換。研究提出三維支持模型：政府主導制度保障，學界建構知識體系，民眾驅動實踐創新，三者協同構建傳統信俗的再生路徑。澳門經驗表明，非遺保護本質上是重塑傳統文化與現代治理的介面能力，同時需要平衡制度化規範與社區自治的張力。

關鍵字：哪吒信俗 非物質文化遺產 遺產化 文化再生 澳門研究

The Construction of Nezha Beliefs and Customs in the Context of Intangible Cultural Heritage

ZHANG Chaojin HE Tianhan

Abstract: This paper takes the Nezha belief and customary practices in Macao as the research object and explores the modern reconstruction mechanism of traditional beliefs under the framework of intangible cultural heritage (ICH) protection through literature analysis, field investigation, and corpus-based quantitative methods. The research findings are as follows: In the mid-to-late Qing Dynasty, the crisis of epidemic diseases spurred the spatial expansion and ritual adaptation of the Nezha belief and customary practices. From 2004 to 2024, ICH policies have evolved through five stages, namely, “legislative foundation laying—graded identification—vital inheritance—dynamic management—international dissemination”, which have facilitated the transformation of traditional beliefs and customs into public cultural assets. Through semantic analysis, the paradigm shift of the cultural core in the process of heritage-making is revealed. The study proposes a three-dimensional support model: government-led institutional guarantee, academic construction of knowledge systems,and community-driven practical innovation. The coordinated efforts of these three aspects build a regenerative path for traditional beliefs and customs. The experience of Macao shows that ICH protection is essentially about reshaping the interface capability between traditional culture and modern governance, while also needing to balance the tension between institutional norms and community autonomy. 

Key words: Nezha beliefs and customs; Intangible Cultural Heritage; Heritagization; Cultural Regeneration; Macao Studies

DOI：10.68079/morwysyj.2026.3.12   【原文下載】【Download PDF】