中国AI产业生态与竞争力:冰山与QZ模型分析

中国AI产业生态与竞争力:冰山与QZ模型分析

韩伟

(澳门旅游大学，中国澳门，999078)

摘 要:人工智能技术的规模化商业落地，标志着全球数字经济进入新的结构性分化时期。本文聚焦中国人工智能产业的竞争格局，提出“冰山模型”这一分析框架，将产业生态划分为市场主导层、应用创新层与基础设施层三个维度，揭示现有研究中普遍被低估的底层资源依赖关系。在此基础上，本文构建“QZ三维分析法”(QZ取QuantizedZero-to-one跃迁之意)，从基础力(人才密度与AGI信仰)、引力(生态协同能力)及耐力(算力成本效率与商业造血)三个维度评估AI企业竞争力，并设计相应的二级量化指标。冰山模型解决“企业在产业生态中处于哪一位置”的静态结构问题，QZ三维分析法则回答“企业能否在不同生态位之间跃迁”的动态竞争力问题，二者共同构成本研究的分析框架。研究以DeepSeek系列模型的崛起为案例，从战略管理视角验证上述框架的解释力。

关键词:人工智能产业;冰山模型;QZ分析法;数宇经济;战略竞争力

Ecosystem and Competitiveness of China's AI Industry: Iceberg and QZ Model

Analysis

Han Wei

(School of Business Administration, Macao University of Tourism, Macao 999078)

Abstract: The large-scale commercialization of artificial intelligence marks a new era of structuraldifferentiation in the global digital economy. This paper proposes the "Iceberg Model" to analyzeChina's AI industry, categorizing its ecosystem into three layers: market-dominant, application-innovative, and infrastructural. The Iceberg Model addresses the static question of where firms arepositioned within the industrial ecosystem, while the "QZ 3D Analysis Method" (QZ standing forQuantized Zero-to-one transition)built around Foundation, Gravity, and Endurance-addresses thedynamic question of whether and how firms can transition across ecological positions. Using theemergence of DeepSeek as an empirical case, interpreted through a strategic management lens, thispaper validates both frameworks and offers practical guidance for corporate digital transformation andregional policy in the Asia-Pacific context.

Keywords: AI Industry; Iceberg Model; QZ Analysis; Digital Economy; Strategic Competitiveness

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