「道統」之正本開新

「道統」之正本開新

鞠曦

（長白山書院、岫雲書院 吉林 白山 134506 ）

摘 要：近現代華夏文明的「衰落」，根源在於哲學理性的失落；當代中國傳統文化復興若不能重建解決人類根本問題的哲學、對道統及其文明內涵正本開新，終將流於空疏。以「存在邏輯」為思想方法反思儒家「道統」論的內在困境，可見自韓愈發端、朱熹完善的道統譜系以「心傳」為依據而游談無根，其將《易》矮化為卜筮之書並束之高閣，偏離了孔子「一以貫之」的思想核心，使儒學失去存在論與本體論支撐，最終淪為維護皇權專制的工具而退出歷史舞臺。是故这里依託笔者「形而中論」與「時空統一論」哲學體系，以「存在的被存在的去被存在的存在」為文明學的哲學支撐，將道統與文明的承諾與推定相統一，提出正本開新「華夏道統」的理論路徑：以《易》為宗，以「大有文明」為旨歸，使華夏道統成為引領中國乃至人類文明前進方向的重要思想資源。

關鍵詞：華夏道統；以《易》為宗；形而中論；時空統一論；大有文明

Rectifying the Origin and Opening the New of the “Daotong” An Introduction to the Study of Civilization (I)

JU Xi

(Changbaishan Academy; Xiuyun Academy)

Abstract: The “decline” of Chinese civilization in modern times is rooted in the loss of philosophical rationality. Unless the contemporary revival of Chinese traditional culture reconstructs a philosophy capable of resolving the fundamental problems of humankind and rectifies and renews the daotong together with its civilizational content, that revival will remain empty. Taking the “logic of existence” as its method, this study reflects on the inner predicament of the Confucian theory of the daotong. The genealogy initiated by Han Yu and completed by Zhu Xi rests upon the “transmission of the mind” and is therefore groundless: it reduces the Yi to a book of divination and shelves it, departs from the core of Confucius’ thought of “running through all with one thread”, deprives Confucianism of its ontological and noumenal support, and finally reduces it to an instrument for defending imperial autocracy, so that it withdraws from the stage of history. The core of Confucius’ thought is the Yi: the “norm” in “at seventy I followed what my heart desired without transgressing the norm” is precisely the Yi. Later Confucians, “doubting Qiu because of the Yi”, did not understand the Yi and went so far as to “blame Qiu”, which is a fundamental misreading of Confucius. On this basis, relying on the philosophical systems of the “theory of xing er zhong” and the “theory of the unity of time and space”, and taking “the existence of the de-beingized of the beingized of existence” as the philosophical support of the study of civilization, the commitment and inference of the daotong and of civilization are unified, and a theoretical path for rectifying and renewing the “Chinese daotong” is proposed: taking the Yi as its cardinal principle and the “civilization of Dayou” as its aim, so that the Chinese daotong may become an important intellectual resource guiding the direction of Chinese and indeed human civilization. 

Key words: the Chinese daotong; taking the Yi as the cardinal principle; the theory of xing er zhong; the theory of the unity of time and space; the civilization of Dayou

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