資源基礎視角下中小銀行私人銀行業務的差異化突圍路徑研究

資源基礎視角下中小銀行私人銀行業務

的差異化突圍路徑研究

張婧 ^1,*   張卓¹

（1. 澳門科技大學商學院，中国 澳門，999078）

摘　要：隨著居民財富持續積累與高淨值人群快速擴容，私人銀行業務已成為商業銀行轉型發展的戰略核心。然而，中小銀行在資源稟賦約束下面臨嚴峻的結構性競爭劣勢。本文基於資源基礎觀與協同效應理論，構建“戰略定位—困境診斷—突圍路徑”的分析框架，系統剖析私人銀行業務的戰略本質與中小銀行的特殊困境。研究表明：私人銀行是整合稀缺客戶資源、實現“以私帶公”價值鏈延伸的戰略平臺，但行業呈現高度集中的頭部效應；中小銀行在品牌、牌照、人才與科技方面存在系統性短板，疊加客戶結構與組織模式的區域約束，導致協同效應難以實現。進一步結合生命週期理論與行為金融學，本文提出中小銀行應從人才專業化、平臺整合化、客戶分層化三個維度構建差異化突圍路徑，為中小商業銀行私人銀行的高品質發展提供理論支撐與實踐參考。

關鍵字：私人銀行；高淨值人群；資源基礎觀；協同效應；中小銀行

The Differential Breakthrough Path of Private Banking Business of Small

and Medium-Sized Banks from the Resource-Based Perspective

Zhang Jing^1,*1 Zhang Zhuo¹

（1.School of Business, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau China,999078）

Abstract: With the continuous accumulation of household wealth and the rapid expansion of the high-net-worth (HNW) population, private banking has become a strategic core for the transformation and development of commercial banks. However, small and medium-sized banks (SMBs) face severe structural competitive disadvantages under resource constraints. Based on the Resource-Based View (RBV) and Synergy Theory, this paper constructs an analytical framework of “strategic positioning — dilemma diagnosis — breakthrough paths” to systematically analyze the strategic nature of private banking and the specific dilemmas of SMBs. The research shows that private banking is a strategic platform for integrating scarce client resources and realizing the “private-to-institutional” value chain extension, yet the industry exhibits a highly concentrated head effect. SMBs suffer from systematic deficiencies in brand, licensing, talent, and technology, which, combined with regional constraints on client structure and organizational models, hinder the realization of synergy effects. Further integrating Life-Cycle Theory and Behavioral Finance, this paper proposes that SMBs should build differentiated breakthrough paths through three dimensions: talent specialization, platform integration, and client stratification, providing theoretical support and practical guidance for the high-quality development of private banking in SMBs.

Keywords: Private Banking; High-net-worth Individuals; Resource-based View; Synergy Effect; Small and Medium-sized Banks

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